The high cost chemical straighteners pose to your health
Chemical hair straighteners often contain carcinogenic chemicals–such as formaldehyde–as well as endocrine disruptors. The scalp’s numerous blood vessels allow for rapid absorption of these chemicals into the body. When heated, these compounds create toxic gases[1] that can lead to respiratory issues and broader, systemic exposure to their harmful effects.
Recent studies have linked the use of chemical hair straighteners to breast[2] and ovarian[3] cancers, and a 2022 study showed they more than doubled the risk of uterine cancer[4]. These health risks primarily affect Black women, who use the products more frequently.
In addition to the increased risk for cancer, the products have been tied to respiratory issues such as asthma, irritation of the eyes and nose[5], dermatitis, hair loss[6], and skin sensitivity, particularly in the scalp. The risks for all these health concerns rise with increased and long-term use. These concerns are significant enough that the FDA has proposed a ban on formaldehyde in hair straightening products[7], and some states have already banned the chemical from personal care products.
If you are considering chemical hair straighteners, make sure to read labels closely. The following ingredients either contain or will release formaldehyde:
- Formaldehyde
- Formalin
- Methylene glycol
Even if you don’t see these ingredients listed, it would be wise to use caution. More than 150 straightening products, including keratin treatments and Brazilian blowouts, contain formaldehyde in some form, and according to the Environmental Working Group, many relaxers that boast alternative formulations are themselves unsafe.
Asking your salon whether they use formaldehyde products is also an important step in reducing your risk; even if you avoid the treatments yourself, the formaldehyde gases they create will be released into the air and can impact your health.
If you’re still looking to straighten your hair, consider flat-ironing. While it may be more time-consuming (and the effects are not as long-lasting), it doesn’t carry any of the risks associated with chemical straighteners.
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